Submerged arc furnace

Contemporary ferrochrome production is based predominantly on submerged arc furnaces (SAFs), in which chromite is reduced using coke. One of the challenges of SAF operation is the formation of agglomerates, which cause operational problems, for example, by reducing the permeability of the bed.

Highlights

• Electrical conductivity measurements of chromite pellets.
• Laboratory-scale methodology for studying the formation of agglomerates in the SAF.

Selected publications

• A. Heikkilä, V.-V. Visuri, E.-P. Heikkinen, and T. Fabritius, “A Study on the Temperature Dependency of the Electrical Conductivity of Chromite Pellets,” Proceedings of the 16th International Ferro-Alloys Congress (A. Wærnes, G. Tranell, M. Tangstad, E. Ringdalen, and C. van der Eijk, eds.), SINTEF/NTNU/FFF, Trondheim, Norway, 2021
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• V.-V. Visuri, J. Kunelius, E. Puukko, and T. Fabritius, “An Experimental Study of the Formation of Surface Agglomerates in a Submerged Arc Furnace,” Proceedings of the 16th International Ferro-Alloys Congress (A. Wærnes, G. Tranell, M. Tangstad, E. Ringdalen, and C. van der Eijk, eds.), SINTEF/NTNU/FFF, Trondheim, Norway, 2021
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